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ADHD Stimulant Medication Stimulant medication is the first line treatment for ADHD. They have a long history of a robust response, a high tolerance and safety across the lifespan. It is important to find the right medication and dosage that relieves the symptoms of your child or yourself without side negative effects. This usually requires lots of trial and trial and open dialog with your doctor. Stimulants Stimulants are drugs that increase activity in the central nervous system. They are extensively used as enhancement of cognitive and performance by students, athletes as well as artists and workers. They also serve to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and narcolepsy. They also treat binge eating disorder, as well as other anxiety disorders. The most commonly used stimulant medications are amphetamines and methylphenidates. FDA-approved prescription stimulants come in both extended-release and immediate-release formulations. Immediate-release medication is usually taken every 4 hours. They can trigger sudden, temporary decrease in energy, referred to as a crash after they have worn off. The crash may cause extreme hunger, mood swings and fatigue. Immediate-release medications can also raise blood pressure and heartbeat in some people. This is especially true when they do not eat enough. Extended-release medications are designed to release its active ingredients over the course of 8-16 hours. This kind of medication could be prescribed by your doctor when you're looking for long-lasting control of symptoms without having to take tablets several times per day. Methylphenidate products that fall into the extended-release category include Ritalin, Concerta, and Focalin. Another alternative is the long-acting methylphenidate patch called Daytrana, which sticks to the skin like a band-aid and lasts all day. This kind of medication can be prescribed to adults suffering from ADHD and require daily doses that last longer than the immediate-release options. The use of stimulants does not cure ADHD but it can assist manage the symptoms by enhancing how neurons in the brain communicate. By blocking or binding their receptors, they can affect the levels of neurotransmitters like dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain. This allows more neurotransmitters to be released, and it helps messages between neurons be more efficiently sent and received. In addition to stimulants, doctors sometimes prescribe antidepressants to treat ADHD. The majority of antidepressants that doctors prescribe for ADHD affect the levels of norepinephrine, serotonin and dopamine in your brain. Selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitors are an excellent option for those suffering from depression or anxiety. These medications are often mixed with stimulants to increase their effectiveness. Another reason your doctor might switch you between stimulant and non-stimulant medication is if the previous medication isn't working or it causes intolerable side effects. Long-acting Around 70% to 80% children and adults with ADHD benefit from stimulants. They reduce symptoms like talking to others and fidgeting. They also enhance job performance and social abilities. The stimulant medication starts working once it has crossed the blood-brain barriers, which takes 45-60 minutes. They increase norepinephrine and dopamine levels in brain cells, which decreases hyperactivity and impulsivity. FDA-approved stimulant medications use two molecules that are methylphenidate (Adderall, Ritalin, Vyvanse, Concerta) and amphetamine (Ritalin, Adderall XR, Vyvanse XR). These stimulants can trigger adverse effects like nausea and loss of appetite. They can also cause increased blood pressure. They can also trigger anxiety and headaches. They can also make tics more severe and may cause sleep issues in certain people. Long-acting stimulants, such as Strattera or Wellbutrin, work both at night and day. The short-acting drugs are only effective for a few hours. They also aid in other conditions like depression or anxiety. These medications work by changing the way your body regulates chemicals known as monoamine oxides. Monoamine oxidases break down dopamine within the brain and other neurotransmitters. These chemicals stay in the body longer if they are not broken down. This can impact your behavior and your thinking. Long-acting medications can have lesser adverse effects, and your doctor may prescribe smaller doses that you can take throughout the day. Certain stimulants are available in extended-release form that you can consume once daily. Adults may find this more convenient however, it is important to remember to take your stimulants each day. Other medications have been found to be effective for a lot of adults suffering from ADHD such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). SSRIs are generally prescribed for depression or anxiety but can be prescribed for ADHD. Around medication for adult adhd of people react to these medications. Bupropion (Wellbutrin) is a different SSRI that has been approved for ADHD and has been shown to be more efficient than placebos in a controlled study. These medications can have serious side effects, such as hearing ringing, anxiety, and changes to vision and lung and heart function in some people. Short-acting The stimulant drugs work to reduce ADHD symptoms by increasing dopamine and norepinephrine levels in the brain. These are two chemicals that aid people in focusing and regulate their behavior. They are available in many forms, and each comes with their own brand name such as Adderall, Vyvanse, Ritalin and Concerta. There are two primary types of stimulant medicines amphetamines, methylphenidates, and methylphenidates. All have similar effects, however their duration of action varies. The methylphenidates may have a shorter-lasting effect lasting for up to three hours. Amphetamines on the other are more effective. Some people can tolerate stimulant medication better than others, so your doctor might prescribe them. It is crucial to be aware of as much as you can about the medication. This includes any adverse effects, how frequently it is recommended to take it, and any warnings. This will aid you and your physician determine the most suitable medication for you. It is important to understand that these drugs can cause some negative adverse effects, like problems getting to sleep or losing appetite. Consult your physician when you experience these adverse effects. You may need to alter the dosage or try a different drug. Adults with ADHD who do not respond well to stimulants may be treated with non-stimulant medicines that take longer to start working but can improve the ability of a person to pay attention and manage impulses. These drugs may be prescribed in combination or as a single dose. The first one is atomoxetine (brand names Strattera and Qelbree) It is a stimulant of norepinephrine and dopamine levels in the prefrontal cortex which regulates the behavior. Guanfacine, also known as Intuniv, belongs to the group of drugs called alpha-agonists. These work by blocking the absorption of these brain chemicals, and increasing their levels in the bloodstream. Guanfacine was initially developed to treat high blood pressure, has been proven to be effective in treating ADHD. Combinations There are a variety of drug combinations used by people with ADHD. These include stimulants with depressant type drugs like the guanfacine and clonidine. These drugs may be calming for the brain, and reduce symptoms like sleeplessness and aggressive behaviour. They also help prevent the onset of withdrawal from stimulants. However, this combination could be risky if utilized correctly. Taking two stimulants at the simultaneously increases the risk of developing serotonin syndrome, which is a drug emergency that occurs when the body is flooded with too much serotonin. This combination may also increase the blood pressure and heart rate. The risks of taking this medication are more pronounced for those with pre-existing health conditions such as high blood pressure or heart disease. Combinations of stimulants are more and more being used by teens and young adults. These drugs are often called “legal highs” and are sold in pharmacies. These drugs are also sold on the black market. These substances can be hazardous especially when mixed with alcohol or other drugs. The use of polydrugs can be hazardous. Mixing drugs can result in dangerous and unpredictable consequences. They include an increase in heart rate, decreased respiration, hallucinations, and paranoia. Combination therapy is more effective than monopharmacotherapy for treating ADHD according to a study. Combining medication increased the adherence of patients and helped them experience greater relief from symptoms than monotherapy. A majority of patients, however, stopped their treatment due to adverse effects. In some cases it was reported that the medication was withdrawn because of sleep problems or worsening tics. This could be due to a poor diagnosis or the absence of medication. Nonstimulants are a different treatment option for ADHD. They help improve attention span and impulse regulation, but not as well as stimulants. They are also less likely to block growth and reduce appetite. Certain antidepressants may also be prescribed for ADHD. However they have a less chance of improving focus and concentration. Numerous studies have demonstrated that atomoxetine and methylphenidate (Concerta) can be combined to yield better results than either drug by itself. Combining these two medications helped improve compliance and reduced the risk of the risk of adverse reactions for a majority of people. The combination also proved effective for adolescents and young adults. This combination may be a viable option for children with severe ADHD.